@article { author = {Hlail, Saif Hameed}, title = {Toward Semi Flexible Pavement Application for Iraqi Highway and Airport Pavements: Review its feasibility}, journal = {Kerbala Journal for Engineering Sciences}, volume = {0}, number = {2}, pages = {1-15}, year = {2020}, publisher = {University of Kerbala - College of Engineering - University of Kerbala, Karbala 56001, Iraq.}, issn = {2709-6718}, eissn = {}, doi = {}, abstract = {The paving industry within the last century has developed extensively, mainly two paving technologies have targeted in this development, namely: flexible and rigid pavements. Although such technologies’ development is deeply enhanced, they still have unsolved shortcomings. Therefore, pavement researchers and engineers suggested benefiting from these two technology advantages by gathering them in a new technology called semi-flexible paving (SFP) to overcome the pointed shortcoming. The structural composition of SFP consists of porous asphalt, which contains air voids (25-35) % that inject with cementitious grout materials. As a result, the SFP surface course combines the pre-eminent qualities of bituminous pavements (flexible) and concrete (rigid). Serving the literature disclosed that the SFP has a very high resistance to the effect of traffic loads and weather conditions compared to conventional hot mix asphalt (HMA). Previous studies have shown that it can be applied in places with heavy traffic, i.e. heavy and slow traffic, for example, industrial areas, harbors, warehouses, distribution centers, road crossing, bus terminals, parking areas with heavy traffic, cargo centers, airports pavements, etc. Therefore, under uncontrolled high axle loads and extreme high summer and low winter ambient temperatures, SFP represents a suitable and achievable technique.}, keywords = {Cementitious grout,flowability,high trafficked highway,porous asphalt,semi-flexible pavement}, title_ar = {توجیهات تطبیق التبلیط شبه المرن لارصفة الطرق السریعة والمطارات العراقیة: مراجعة کدراسة جدوى}, abstract_ar = {تطورت صناعة الرصف خلال القرن الماضی على نطاق واسع، وقد استهدفت تقنیتان أساسیتان من تقنیات الرصف فی هذا التطور، وهما:الأرصفة المرنة و الخرسانیة. على الرغم من تعزیز تطویرهذه التقنیات بشکل کبیر، إلا أنها لا تزال تعانی من أوجه قصور التی لم تُحل. لذلک، اقترحالباحثون والمهندسون فی مجال الرصف الاستفادة من هاتین المیزتین التقنیتین من خلال جمعهما فی تقنیة جدیدة تسمى الرصف شبه المرن (SFP) للتغلب على النقص الواضح فیهما. یتکون الترکیب الهیکلی ل SFP من إسفلت مسامی یحتوی على فراغات هوائیة ) 25 - 35 ) % ثم یتم حقنها بموادالحقین الاسمنتی. نتیجة لذلک، فإن الطبقة السطحیة للتبلیط شبة المرن تجمع بین الصفات البارزة للأرصفة البیتومینیة )المرنة( والخرسانة )الصلبة(. اتضحمن الأدبیات أن SFP لدیه مقاومة عالیة جدًا لتأثیر أحمال المرور والظروف الجویة مقارنةً بالخلطة الاسفلتیة التقلیدیة .(HMA) أظهرت الدراساتالسابقة أنه یمکن تطبیقه فی الأماکن ذات الاحمال المروریة العالیة، التی تشهد حرکة المرورالکثیفة والبطیئة، على سبیل المثال ، المناطق الصناعیة،والموانئ، والورش، ومراکز التوزیع، تقاطعات الطرق، ومحطات الحافلات، ومواقف السیارات المزدحمة، ومراکز الشحن، وارصفة المطارات، إلخ.لذلک، فی ظل أحمال محاور المرکبات المرتفعة غیر المنضبطة ودرجات الحرارة المحیطة الشدیدة فی الصیف والمنخفضه فی الشتاء، یمثل SFP تقنیةمناسبة وقابلة للتحقیق}, keywords_ar = {}, url = {https://kjes.uokerbala.edu.iq/article_167151.html}, eprint = {https://kjes.uokerbala.edu.iq/article_167151_f71ad3fad8dd802ae67e36a3aba64f8b.pdf} } @article { author = {Dujaili, Zahraa A. AL}, title = {Calculation of Static and Dynamic Characteristics of a Finite Length Journal Bearing Considering 3D Misalignment}, journal = {Kerbala Journal for Engineering Sciences}, volume = {0}, number = {2}, pages = {16-39}, year = {2020}, publisher = {University of Kerbala - College of Engineering - University of Kerbala, Karbala 56001, Iraq.}, issn = {2709-6718}, eissn = {}, doi = {}, abstract = {The main purpose of the journal bearing is to support the rotating parts by providing a sufficient layer of lubricant to separate the surfaces of the moving parts and to minimize the friction due to rotation. The misalignment is one of the common problems in the industrial applications of this type of bearing which has consequences on the general performance of the bearing system. The consequences include the reduction in the bearing load carrying capacity and the effect on the levels of the pressure distribution in additional to the asymmetrical pressure distribution along the bearing width. This study considers extreme cases of misalignment using a 3D model of the shaft deviation for the case of a finite length bearing. Numerical solution for Reynolds equation is considered in this work using the finite difference method where the static and dynamic characteristics of finite length journal bearing are investigated. The results reveal that the film thickness reduces significantly particularly at the edges of the additional to the presence of pressure spikes at these locations. Furthermore, the results of the dynamic coefficients have shown that the 3D misalignment affects these coefficients significantly which may have further consequences on the stability of the system.}, keywords = {Journal bearing,3D Misalignment,Dynamic and static coefficients,numerical analysis}, title_ar = {Calculation of Static and Dynamic Characteristics of a Finite Length Journal Bearing Considering 3D Misalignment}, abstract_ar = {The main purpose of the journal bearing is to support the rotating parts by providing a sufficient layer of lubricant to separate the surfaces of the moving parts and to minimize the friction due to rotation. The misalignment is one of the common problems in the industrial applications of this type of bearing which has consequences on the general performance of the bearing system. The consequences include the reduction in the bearing load carrying capacity and the effect on the levels of the pressure distribution in additional to the asymmetrical pressure distribution along the bearing width. This study considers extreme cases of misalignment using a 3D model of the shaft deviation for the case of a finite length bearing. Numerical solution for Reynolds equation is considered in this work using the finite difference method where the static and dynamic characteristics of finite length journal bearing are investigated. The results reveal that the film thickness reduces significantly particularly at the edges of the additional to the presence of pressure spikes at these locations. Furthermore, the results of the dynamic coefficients have shown that the 3D misalignment affects these coefficients significantly which may have further consequences on the stability of the system.}, keywords_ar = {}, url = {https://kjes.uokerbala.edu.iq/article_167153.html}, eprint = {https://kjes.uokerbala.edu.iq/article_167153_edb9ae9299c6453a8454cd8255fab64e.pdf} } @article { author = {Al Tuma, Ahmed S.}, title = {Investigation Study for Model Reference Fuzzy Control Scheme of Synchronous Generator Coupled with Wind Turbine}, journal = {Kerbala Journal for Engineering Sciences}, volume = {0}, number = {2}, pages = {40-54}, year = {2020}, publisher = {University of Kerbala - College of Engineering - University of Kerbala, Karbala 56001, Iraq.}, issn = {2709-6718}, eissn = {}, doi = {}, abstract = {Windmills require continuous observing and command to attain the required output power when the wind velocity has fluctuated. Command a nonlinear physical windmill needs an efficient regulator that calibrates the environment's fluctuations and initial conditions. As the fluctuations in wind speed are continuous, the conventional type of control will not be active for most cases of wind variations. An efficient control technique has been suggested to damp the impacts of non-linearity property. The current research provides modeling, numerical verification, and analysis of model reference fuzzy control scheme for direct drive wind turbine coupled with a Permanent Magnet Synchronous Generator tied with the electrical network. The machine side control is designed to capture the most considerable energy to get better wind power production. The grid side control regulates the bus voltage that is transformed into regulated three-phase grid voltage and frequency. The main control objectives of Proportional Integral control and model reference fuzzy control have been simulated and then compared. Armature profiles are also verified for different cases of operation through simulation. This controller's behavior guarantees excellent dynamic performance with wind speed variation due to the control system's robustness.}, keywords = {Permanent Magnet Synchronous Generator,Model Reference Fuzzy Control,Wind Energy Conversion System}, title_ar = {Investigation Study for Model Reference Fuzzy Control Scheme of Synchronous Generator Coupled with Wind Turbine}, abstract_ar = {Windmills require continuous observing and command to attain the required output power when the wind velocity has fluctuated. Command a nonlinear physical windmill needs an efficient regulator that calibrates the environment's fluctuations and initial conditions. As the fluctuations in wind speed are continuous, the conventional type of control will not be active for most cases of wind variations. An efficient control technique has been suggested to damp the impacts of non-linearity property. The current research provides modeling, numerical verification, and analysis of model reference fuzzy control scheme for direct drive wind turbine coupled with a Permanent Magnet Synchronous Generator tied with the electrical network. The machine side control is designed to capture the most considerable energy to get better wind power production. The grid side control regulates the bus voltage that is transformed into regulated three-phase grid voltage and frequency. The main control objectives of Proportional Integral control and model reference fuzzy control have been simulated and then compared. Armature profiles are also verified for different cases of operation through simulation. This controller's behavior guarantees excellent dynamic performance with wind speed variation due to the control system's robustness.}, keywords_ar = {}, url = {https://kjes.uokerbala.edu.iq/article_167154.html}, eprint = {https://kjes.uokerbala.edu.iq/article_167154_f8486a2ee2f5df4836ae17a31b9d02e1.pdf} } @article { author = {Fadhil, Ahmed}, title = {FoodWise: Geolocalised Food Wastes Tracking and Management}, journal = {Kerbala Journal for Engineering Sciences}, volume = {0}, number = {2}, pages = {55-67}, year = {2020}, publisher = {University of Kerbala - College of Engineering - University of Kerbala, Karbala 56001, Iraq.}, issn = {2709-6718}, eissn = {}, doi = {}, abstract = {Food waste has a number of impacts, such as: economic, environmental and social. Recent efforts in human computer interaction research have examined methods with the goal of manage surplus food and food waste prevention. In addition, existing approaches have number of limitations related to the techniques used and food waste phase focused. In addition, to our knowledge, no approach provides an open access data for food waste (e.g., open API) to be used by any interested entities for data analysis. In this paper, the effectiveness of a number of engineering approaches in the literature is investigated and an analytical comparison is demonstrated. The second step is highlighting the pros and cons of the proposed strategy. Finally, we propose “FoodWise”, suitable tool for implementing the proposed strategy, by combining geo localization, gamification, and crowdsourcing techniques. The contribution of this study might present a new opportunity for any interested stockholders to play a significant role in minimizing food waste problem.}, keywords = {}, title_ar = {FoodWise: Geolocalised Food Wastes Tracking and Management}, abstract_ar = {Food waste has a number of impacts, such as: economic, environmental and social. Recent efforts in human computer interaction research have examined methods with the goal of manage surplus food and food waste prevention. In addition, existing approaches have number of limitations related to the techniques used and food waste phase focused. In addition, to our knowledge, no approach provides an open access data for food waste (e.g., open API) to be used by any interested entities for data analysis. In this paper, the effectiveness of a number of engineering approaches in the literature is investigated and an analytical comparison is demonstrated. The second step is highlighting the pros and cons of the proposed strategy. Finally, we propose “FoodWise”, suitable tool for implementing the proposed strategy, by combining geo localization, gamification, and crowdsourcing techniques. The contribution of this study might present a new opportunity for any interested stockholders to play a significant role in minimizing food waste problem.}, keywords_ar = {}, url = {https://kjes.uokerbala.edu.iq/article_167155.html}, eprint = {https://kjes.uokerbala.edu.iq/article_167155_189ff97e0c2324f2fcf39fdbf9bd464a.pdf} } @article { author = {Huseein, Jabbar Salman}, title = {Design and Implementation of Artificial Upper Limbs Based on Arabic Speech Words}, journal = {Kerbala Journal for Engineering Sciences}, volume = {0}, number = {2}, pages = {68-81}, year = {2020}, publisher = {University of Kerbala - College of Engineering - University of Kerbala, Karbala 56001, Iraq.}, issn = {2709-6718}, eissn = {}, doi = {}, abstract = {The human-like robot denotes a hopeful in the clinical, Handicapped and mechanical prosthetics application. The finger’s control by verbally instruction is one of the significance of such applications. Here, we introduce the suggested structure of the hand controls circuit come from the voiced command. This structure depends on the controlling of electrical motors, for every finger by controller. From recognition process, an Arduino have gotten a coded sign (PWM) to give all motors signals by various' period to the servo motor to yield the necessary procedure which is matching to the verbally expressed words. Anywhere these codes are identified with statistical features, which are extorted from the verbally expressed signs. At that point, and by means of the Radial Basis Function (RBF) as a classifier, the recognition percentage are from 90% - 99.375% have been increased with independent talker, wherever these results are over-achieved the previous works, approximately with 2.045%. The simulation has been made by using Matlab 2017b.}, keywords = {neural network,radial basis function,Artificial Limbs and Pattern Recognition}, title_ar = {Design and Implementation of Artificial Upper Limbs Based on Arabic Speech Words}, abstract_ar = {The human-like robot denotes a hopeful in the clinical, Handicapped and mechanical prosthetics application. The finger’s control by verbally instruction is one of the significance of such applications. Here, we introduce the suggested structure of the hand controls circuit come from the voiced command. This structure depends on the controlling of electrical motors, for every finger by controller. From recognition process, an Arduino have gotten a coded sign (PWM) to give all motors signals by various' period to the servo motor to yield the necessary procedure which is matching to the verbally expressed words. Anywhere these codes are identified with statistical features, which are extorted from the verbally expressed signs. At that point, and by means of the Radial Basis Function (RBF) as a classifier, the recognition percentage are from 90% - 99.375% have been increased with independent talker, wherever these results are over-achieved the previous works, approximately with 2.045%. The simulation has been made by using Matlab 2017b.}, keywords_ar = {}, url = {https://kjes.uokerbala.edu.iq/article_167156.html}, eprint = {https://kjes.uokerbala.edu.iq/article_167156_ae55a41b9e0ccae637e24ba709c9ccf8.pdf} }